History:
- Construction: Kilkenny Castle was built in 1195 by William Marshal, 1st Earl of Pembroke, to control a strategic crossing of the River Nore and to protect the growing Norman settlement.
- Ownership: The castle became the principal seat of the powerful Butler family in 1391, who were Earls of Ormonde. They held it for nearly 600 years.
- Restoration: By the mid-20th century, the castle had fallen into disrepair. In 1967, the Butler family sold it to the people of Kilkenny for a symbolic sum of £50, and it has since been extensively restored.
Architecture:
- Originally designed as a Norman stone fort, it evolved into a grand, decorative castle over the centuries.
- Features include:
- Four round towers (only three remain fully intact).
- A mix of medieval, Victorian, and Gothic Revival architectural styles.
- Formal gardens and parklands surrounding the castle.
- The Long Gallery, a highlight of the interior, features stunning painted ceilings and an extensive portrait collection.
Current Use:
- Tourism: Kilkenny Castle is one of Ireland’s most visited heritage sites, open to the public for guided and self-guided tours.
- Art and Exhibitions: The castle houses an art gallery and frequently hosts exhibitions and cultural events.
- Gardens and Parklands: The grounds are free to access and are a popular spot for locals and tourists alike.
Interesting Facts:
- The castle’s extensive library and archives were sold in the early 20th century, leading to the dispersal of many important historical documents.
- The Victorian wing, originally part of the Butler family’s residence, is now partially furnished and open to visitors.
- The castle’s history is closely tied to the political and social changes of Ireland over the centuries, from Norman invasion to independence.